REALWorld Law

Sale and purchase

Steps in the transaction

What are the normal steps involved in a real estate transaction?

Netherlands

Netherlands

The normal steps in a real estate transaction are as follows:

  1. Negotiate and sign a letter of intent
  2. Due diligence process, and
  3. negotiate and sign the sale and purchase agreement; executing the notarial transfer deed and registration of the deed in the Land Registry.

Both prior to and after executing the notarial transfer deed the Dutch civil law notary will check:

  • Whether the seller is still registered with the Land Registry as the owner of the property
  • Whether any new mortgages or enforcement have been established/levied on the property
  • Whether the extracts from the Chamber of Commerce Records are still correct (both for the buyer and the seller)
  • The marital status of the seller and the buyer (if applicable)
  • Whether the buyer and the seller have been declared bankrupt (or become insolvent)
  • Whether the buyer or the seller have been placed under guardianship
  • Whether all permissions and cooperation have been obtained from third parties and whether they are valid
  • Whether any claim of a preferential right by the municipality has been made under the Environmental and Planning Act (Omgevingswet); and
  • The validity of the passports of both the buyer and the seller.

After executing the transfer deed, the Dutch civil law notary submits a true copy of the deed to the Land Registry, which registration is the actual moment of delivery and transfer of the real estate.

Monetary transactions

A Dutch civil law notary generally arranges the financial completion of a property transaction.

Because the Dutch civil law notary is at the heart of the financial arrangements, he will not execute any deed before he is certain that the entire purchase price (plus other costs and taxes payable) has been transferred to the notarial trust account. The purchase price (and other amounts to be paid to the seller or the seller’s bank) is not paid to the seller until the Dutch civil law notary has confirmed that the property is not encumbered with any mortgages or enforcement, other than those that were disclosed when the transfer deed was signed.

It is common in larger transactions to agree in a separate 'notary letter' amongst seller, purchaser, lender and notary on the flow of funds.